Republic of Natalia, 1839
Boer “Voortrekkers” crossed the Drakensberg mountains and arrived in Natal in 1937, under their leader Piet Retief; he signed a land deed with the Zulu king Dingane but was then killed with most of his group. On 16 December 1838, the Boers defeated the Zulus at the Battle of Blood River and founded the Republic of Natalia the following year. The flag they raised was clearly inspired by that of the Netherlands. But in 1843, the British annexed it, forming the Colony of Natal.