Empire of Haiti, 1805
On 8 October 1804 Dessalines was proclaimed Emperor of Haiti under the name of Jacques I and the blue band (placed vertically again) was changed to black on 20 May 1805; this can be interpreted as symbolising the people of the country or the colours could symbolise the motto “Freedom (red) or Death (black)”. After Dessalines was assassinated the country was divided: the republic in the north, directed by Henri Christophe, retained this flag.