Free State of Fiume, 1920
The city of Fiume (Rijeka, both Italian and Croat names mean “river”) had been a free port since 1719 and a separate part of the Hungarian kingdom until the end of World War I. It was disputed between the new Slav kingdom and Italy, but on 12 November 1920, a treaty between the two countries acknowledged the independent Free State of Fiume. Its flag was a horizontal tricolour of crimson (dark red), golden yellow and cobalt blue, derived from the city’s arms. On 22 February 1922, the town was annexed by Italy while the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes absorbed the area to its south.